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1.

Precis writing: 

Ericsson and his colleagues then compared amateur (অপেশাদার ক্রিড়াবিদ) pianists with professional pianists. The same pattern emerged. The amateurs never practiced more than about three hours a week over the course of their childhood, and by the age of twenty they had totaled two thousand hours of practice. The professionals, on the other hand, steadily increased their practice time every year, until by the age of twenty they, like the violinists (বেহালাবাদক), had reached ten thousand hours. 

The striking thing about Ericsson's study is that he and his colleagues couldn't find any “naturals” musicians who floated effortlessly to the top while practicing a fraction of the time their peers did Nor could they find any "grinds". people who worked harder than everyone else, yet just didn't have what it takes to break the top ranks. Their research suggests that once a musician has enough ability to get into a top music school, the thing that distinguishes (দু'টি জিনিসের মধ্যে পার্থক্য শোনা, দেখা, বোঝা) one performer from another is how hard he or she works. That's it. And what's more, the people a the very top don't work just harder or even much harder than everyone else. They work much, much harder.

The idea that excellence at performing a complex task requires a critical minimum level of practice surfaces again and again in studies of expertise. In fact, researchers have settled on what they believe is the magic number for true expertise: ten thousand hours. The emerging picture from such studies is that ten thousand hours of practice is required to achieve the level of mastery associated with being a world- class expert-in anything, writes the neurologist Daniel Levitin. In a study after study, of composers, basketball players, fiction writers, ice skaters, concert pianists, chess players, master criminals, this number comes up again and again. Of course, this doesn't address why some people get more out of their practice sessions than others do. But no one has yet found a case in which true world-class expertise was accomplished in less time. It seems that it takes the brain this long to assimilate all that it needs to know to achieve true mastery.

Instruction: Write a summary of the above passage with an appropriate title in the stipulated space.

(Precis writing)

Created: 1 year ago | Updated: 9 months ago

To reach the end of anything and to master a process require time, focus and energy. It is easy to be a mediocre by practicing average time. But for true expertise, much times and energies are required to attain the supremacy on that special item. Say for example, top violinists or pianists need much more practice to acquire the specialty in it. Hard work and patience is the main tool for attaining the mastery. But ordinary people who are not accustomed with unlimited practices fall behind. So success depends on people who are determined in relentless practicing.

9 months ago

A rosy view is that success is mostly due to merit, while a dark view is that success is mostly not due to merit, but instead due to what we see as illicit factors, such as luck, looks, wit, wealth race, gender, politics, etc.

Over a lifetime, people gain data on the relation between success and merit. And one data point stands out most in their minds; the relation between their own success and merit. Since most people see themselves as being pretty meritorious, the sign of this data point depends mostly on their personal success. Successful people see a rosy view, that success and merit are strongly related. Unsuccessful people see a dark view, that success and merit are only weakly related While lots of very successful people will acknowledge that luck played a large role in their success, most will point to the real merit that got them to where they are. They worked harder, were more persistent, delayed gratification, and otherwise behaved more admirably than their peers who were less successful. And, for the most part, they will be right on those scores while overlooking the extent to which luck also factored in.

Of course, defining "merit" and "success" will be controversial here, with reasonable and intelligent people disagreeing, sometimes quite broadly, as to what they mean. We pretend that success is exclusively a matter of individual merit. But there's nothing in any of the histories we've looked at so far to suggest things are that simple. These are stories, instead, about people who were given a special opportunity to work really hard and seized it, and who happened to come of age at a time when that extraordinary effort was rewarded by the rest of society. Their success was not just of their own making. It was a product of the world in which they grew.

But in my view points, success does not necessarily depend only on individual merits; rather it needs industries, patience, diligence, efforts and luck as well. If luck does not favour, it is not possible to be succeed despite being extraordinarily meritorious. Success comes together with relentless efforts, hard-work and good luck.

9 months ago

বলা হয়েছে যে, R কে নিলে কোন কোন বোলার কে নেয়া যাবে না?

R কে নিলে (iii) নং শর্তানুযায়ী H কেও নিতে হবে। তাই একজন পেস বোলার হিসেবে R কে এবং একজন স্পিন বোলার হিসেবে H কে নেয়া হলো। এরপর একজন পেস বোলার হিসেবে F কে নিলে স্পিন বোলার T কে নিলে কোন শর্তগত কোন বাধা থাকে না। অতএব আমরা মোট 4 জন বোলার যথা R, T, H, F কে পেয়ে গেলাম। ফলে G. IS, U বোলার হিসেবে আসবে না। 

9 months ago

বলা হচ্ছে যে, S এবং U কে যদি না নেয়া হয় তবে কোন 2 জন পেসার আসবে? 

S ও U এই 2 জন স্পিনার না আসলে বাকি 2 জন অর্থাৎ R ও T এই 2 জন আসবে। ফলে (৫) নং প্রশ্নের উত্তরে ও F এই 2 জন পেসার দলে আসতে পারে। তাই উত্তর হবে H এবং F. 

9 months ago

বলা হচ্ছে যে, G কে নেয়া হলে কোন 2 জন বোলারকে নেয়া যাবে না?

G কে নিলে (ii) নং শর্তানুযায়ী F কে নেয়া যাবে না। আবার (iv) নং শর্তকে একটু অন্যভাবে বললে বলা যায়, G নিলে T কে নেয়া যাবে না। সেই হিসেবে আমরা পেলাম, বোলার হিসেবে G কে নিলে T কে দলে নিতে পারব অতএব উত্তর পেলাম F এবং T. 

9 months ago

বলা হচ্ছে যে, G, I এবং S কে বাছাই করা হলে চতুর্থ বোলার কে হবে?

G এবং I কে বাছাই করা হয়ে গেলো। একজন স্পিন বোলার S কেও নেয়া হলো। এখন আরো একজন স্পিন বো লাগবে। (iv) নং শর্তানুসারে, G থাকার কারণে I আসবে না। আর (ii) নং শর্তানুসারে R ও আসবে না, কারণ, জনের গ্রুপে H নেই। বাকি থাকে শুধু . তাই চতুর্থ বোলার হবে U.

9 months ago

বলা হচ্ছে যে, যদি T কে নেয়া হয় এবং U কে না নেয়া হয়, তবে কোচের হাতে দল বাছাই করার কয়টি থাকতে পারে?

স্পিন বোলার হিসেবে T কে নিলে পেস বোলার G আসবে না। ফলে নিচের মতো করে 1 টি Team গঠন করা যেতে  পারে-

T

S

F

I

আবার, যেহেতু (iii) নং শর্তানুযায়ী R কে নিলে H কেও নিতে হবে, তাই R ও H কে নিয়ে নিচের মতো ব আরেকটি Team গঠন করা যেতে পারেঃ

T

R

H

I

যেহেতু, U কে বাদ দেয়া হয়েছে, তাই কোচের হাতে দল গঠনের জন্য এই দুটিই সুযোগ থাকবে। উত্তর ২টি

9 months ago

প্রশ্নে বলা হচ্ছে যে, A এবং B এর Cost হলো দুটি ভিন্ন ভিন্ন Positive পূর্ণসংখ্যা। যদি Type A এর 4 equitie এবং Type B এর 5 equities এর মোট Cost 27 ডলার হয়, তবে Type A এর 2 equities এবং Type B এর 3 equities এর মোট দাম কত হবে?

 

এটি মূলত MCQ টাইপ Math, এর সহজ সমাধান নিম্নরূপঃ

Here, cost of 4A and 5B equal 27 dollar. 

That means, 4A + 5B = 27

Now, if A= 1, then 4A=4A=4×1=4

5B = 27  4 = 23, Not possible

If, A=2; then 4A = 4 × 2 = 8

5B =27-8=19, Not possible

If A=3; then 4A= 4×3=12

5B=27-12=15

B=155=3

Cost of A and B is 3 dollar.

The cost of (2A+3B) =(2× 3)+(3×3)=6+9=15 dollars. (Answer)

9 months ago